Nuchal translucency scan
Nuchal translucency (NT) is the sonographic appearance of a collection of fluid under the skin behind the fetal neck in the first-trimester of pregnancy.
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The term translucency is used, irrespective of whether it is septated or not and whether it is confined to the neck or surrounds the whole fetus.
In fetuses with chromosomal abnormalities, cardiac defects and many genetic syndromes the NT thickness is increased.
Screening by NT can detect about 80% of fetuses with trisomy 21 and other major aneuploides for a false positive rate of 5%.
The combination of NT and maternal serum free β-hCG and PAPP-A improves the detection to 90%.
A nuchal translucency scan should be done between 11 and 13+5 weeks of pregnancy.
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